H  or  THC 


Montana 


1900-1901 


Butte,  Montana,  August,  19OO 


. 


5. 


ANNOUNCEMENT 


OF  THE 

Montana 

State  School  of  Mines 

1900-1901 

“  > 

Butte,  Montana,  August,  1900 


Calendar  for  1900-1901. 

♦ 

September  11 — First  term  begins. 

November  29 — Thanksgiving  Holiday. 

December  22 — Holiday  Kecess  to  January  7. 
January  21 — Term  Examinations  Begin. 

January  26 — End  of  First  Term. 

January  29 — Second  Term  Begins. 

February  12 — Lincoln’s  Birthday — Holiday. 
February  22 — Washington’s  Birthday — Holiday. 
May  30 — Memorial  Day — Holiday. 

June  6 — Term  Examinations  Begin. 

June  7 — Second  Term  Ends. 

June  11 — Summer  Excursion  for  Surveying  Begins. 
J ulv  23 — Summer  Excursion  Ends. 


MONTANA  STATE  SCHOOL  OF  MINES. 

Board  of  Control. 

All  the  State  educational  institutions  of  Montana  are  » 
under  the  control  of  a  State  Board  of  Education.  In  gen¬ 
eral  this  control  is  exercised  as  in  the  case  of  the  School 
of  Mines  through  the  medium  of  a  local  Board  of  Trus¬ 
tees,  appointed  by  and  responsible  to  the  State  Board  of 
Education,  which  reserves  to  itself  the  right  to  confirm,  or 
negative  the  acts  of  the  Trustees.  The  State  Board  of  Edu¬ 
cation  is  composed  of  the  Governor  of  the  State,  the  Attor¬ 
ney-General  and  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction, 
who  are  ex-officio  members  of  the  Board,  and  of  eight  other 
members  who  are  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  confirmed 
by  the  Senate.  • 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  members  of  these  Boards : 


2 


BOARD  OF  EDUCATION. 

ROBERT  B.  SMITH, 

Governor  of  State  and  Ex-Officio  President  of  the  Board. 

E.  A.  CARLETON, 

State  Superintendent  and  Secretary  of  the  Board. 

,  C.  B.  NOLAN, 

Attornev-General,  Ex-Officio  Member  of  the  Board. 

N.  W.  McCONNELL,  Helena. 

O.  F.  GODDARD,  Billings. 

O.  P.  CHISHOLM,  Bozeman. 

HENRY  R.  MELTON,  Dillon. 

J.  M.  HAMILTON,  Missoula. 

M.  J.  GARRETT,  Helena. 

J.  G.  McKAY,  Hamilton. 

J.  P.  HENDRICKS,  Butte. 


BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES. 

JOHN  E.  RICKARDS,  Butte,  President  of  the  Board. 
GEO.  E.  MOULTHROP,  Butte,  Secretary. 

JAMES  W.  FORBIS,  Butte,  Treasurer. 

JOSEPH  Y.  LONG,  Butte. 

W.  Y.  PEMBERTON,  Butte. 


3 


FACULTY. 


NATHAN  R.  LEONARD,  A.  M.,  Acting  President  and  - 
Professor  of  Mathematics. 

WILLIAM  G.  KING,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Chemistry  and 
Metallurgy. 

ALEXANDER  N.  WINCHELL,  Ph.  D.,  Professor  of 
Geology,  Mining  and  Mineralogy. 

CHARLES  H.  BOWMAN,  M.  S.,  Professor  of  Mechanics 
and  Mining  Engineering. 

« 

HAROLD  S.  BOARDMAN,  C.  E.,  Instructor  in  Draught¬ 
ing  and  Mining  Engineering. 


CONDITIONS  OF  ADMISSION. 


The  School  of  Mines  will  be  opened  for  the  reception 
of  pupils  on  Tuesday,  September  11th,  1900.  Applicants 
for  admission  to  the  Freshman  Class  will  be  expected  to 
sustain  a  satisfactory  examination  in  Arithmetic,  Higher 
Algebra  to  Quadratics,  Plane  Geometry,  Geography,  Ele¬ 
mentary  Zoology,  Elementary  Astronomy  or  Physical 
Geography  and  English  Composition. 

Candidates  for  advanced  standing  will  be  examined  in 
all  the  studies  of  their  course  preceding  those  of  the  class 
they  desire  to  enter.  Credit  will  be  given  for  work  done  in 
other  reputable  institutions,  but  the  faculty  reserves  the 
right,  at  its  discretion,  to  examine  the  applicant,  notwith¬ 
standing  these  credits. 

Persons  of  mature  years  and  practical  experience  in 
Mining  or  Metallurgy,  who  are  not  candidates  for  a  degree, 
may  be  admitted  Avitliout  examination  to  any  of  the  studies 
of  the  course,  that  they  may  be  able  to  pursue  with  profit  to 
themselves  and  without  embarrassment  to  the  class. 

Graduates  from  the  following  list  of  accepted  High 
Schools  of  the  State  will  be  admitted  without  examination 
on  presentation  of  their  diplomas. 


List  of  Accepted  High  Schools  : 


BUTTE. 
HELENA. 
GREAT  FALLS. 
BOZEMAN. 
DILLON. 


MISSOULA. 
ANACONDA. 
KALI  SPELL. 
MILES  CITY. 


5 


'  .  '  ■  \  '  . 

.  N  '  -*  * 

Tuition  and  Expenses  : 

By  the  Act  establishing  the  School  of  Mines,  no  charge 
for  tuition  is  to  be  made  where  the  student  is  a  bona  fide 
resident  of  Montana,  and  this  provision  lias  been  construed 
to  mean  that  there  shall  be  no  charge  for  chemicals  or  ma¬ 
terials  necessarily  used  in  the  regular  work  of  the  classes. 
All  breakage,  however,  or  injury  or  destruction  of  appa¬ 
ratus  must  be  paid  for  by  the  party  through  whom  the  in¬ 
jury  is  done. 

The  charge  for  tuition  for  students  from  other  states 
will  be  Twenty- five  ($25.00)  Dollars  per  term,  or  Fifty 
($50.00)  Dollars  per  year,  and  the  same  liability  for  dam¬ 
age  or  breakage  of  apparatus,  as  in  the  case  of  students  re¬ 
siding  in  Montana.  There  are  no  dormitories  connected 
with  the  School  of  Mines.  It  is  believed,  however,  tliat 
there  will  be  no  difficulty  in  securing  good  board  in  private 
families  and  on  terms  as  reasonable  as  in  other  Western 
cities  of  the  size  of  Butte. 


Courses  of  Study  and  Degrees. 

The  course  of  instruction  adopted  for  the  School  of 
Mines  allows  an  election  in  the  Junior  and  Senior  years  be¬ 
tween  certain  studies,  and  for  convenience  these  different 
lines  of  study  are  called  respectively,  The  Course  in  Mining 
Engineering  and  The  Course  in  Electrical  Engineering. 
Those  who  complete  the  first  of  these  will  be  entitled  to  the 
degree  of  Mining  Engineer  (M.  E.)  ;  those  completing  the 
second,  to  the  degree  of  Electrical  Engineer  (E.  E.).  The 
pages  following  give  these  courses  in  tabular  form ;  the 
figures  following  each  topic  represent  the  number  of  hours 
per  week  given  to  class-room  or  laboratory  work  in  that 
topic. 


6 


y 

S9 H&f rtjf*  :  c 

COURSE  IN  MINING  ENGINEERING. 


Freshman  Year. 

First  Term. 

Higher  Algebra . 

Geometry . 

General  Chemistry . 

Drawing . 


5 

4 

8 

15 


Second  Term. 


Higher  Algebra . 5  for  10  weeks 

Surveying . . . 5  for  10  weeks 

Trigonometry .  4 

Descriptive  Geometry . .  4 

Drawing . , .  6 

Qualitative  Analysis . ' .  9 


Six  Weeks’  Vacation  Work  in  Surveying. 

Sophomore  Year, 

First  Term. 


Analytical  Geometry  .  5 

Mineralogy . 7 

Physics . ' .  5 

Quantitative  Analysis — Laboratory .  9 

Mechanical  Drawing .  4 

o 

..  ’  -  '  •  ■  i 

Second  Term. 

Differential  Calculus  .  5 

Mineralogy  . . .  .  7 

Physios . .  .  7 

Quantitative  Analvsis  . .  9 

Drawing . 3 


7 


Junior  Year. 

First  Term. 

Integral  Calculus  . 

Geology . 

Mechanics . 

Metallurgy — Lectures  and  Recitation. .  . 
Machine  Design  and  Drawing,  half  term 
Assaying,  half  term . 

Second  Term. 

Economic  Geology . 

Metallurgy — Lecture . 

Metallurgy — Laboratory . 

Graphics . . . 

Mining  Surveying . 

Mechanics . 

Vacation,  Six  Weeks’  Mining  Surveying. 

Senior  Year. 

First  Term. 

Metallurgy . . 

Petrography .  . 

Mining  . . 

Hydraulics . 

Mining  and  Metallurgic  Design . 

Testing  Laboratory . 

Second  Term. 

Metallurgy — Lecture  and  Excursions .  .  . 

Mining — Lecture  and  Excursions . 

Power  Transmission . 

Steam  Engine . 

Petrography . 

Mining  Law — Lecture . 

Micro-Chemical  Analysis . 

Thesis . 


5 

5 

2 

3 

9 

9 

5 

3 

9 

5 

2 

5 

4 

7 

o 

5 

6 

3 

5 

5 

3 

3 

3 

1 

1 

9 


8 


COURSE  IN  ELECTRICAL  ENGINEERING. 


(The  Freshman  ancl  Sophomore  Years  are  the  same  as 
those  of  the  Mining  Engineering  Course.) 


Junior  Year. 

'  First  Term. 

Integral  Calculus  . 

Dynamo  Machinery . 

Laboratory,  half  term . 

Mechanics . 

v 

Machine  Design  and  Drawing,  half  term 
Electrical  Measurement^ — Laboratory  . 

Second  Term. 

Economic  Geology . 

Dynamo  Machinery . 

Electrical  Design . 

Electrical  Measurements — Lecture  .... 
Electrical  Measurements — Laboratory  . 

Electrical  Engineering . 

Shop  Work  . 


O 

3 

9 

2 

9 

9 


5 

3 

3 


1 

9 

2 


6 


First  Term. 
Hydraulics 


Senior  Year. 


Transformers  and  Alternating  Currents 


Dynamos — Laboratory  .  .  .  ; . 

Electrical  Design  and  Shop  Work. 
Photometry  and  Electric  Lighting 


5 

3 

3 

t> 

5 


Second  Term. 

Power  Transmission .  5 

Steam-Engine  . .  3 

Electrical  Design  and  Shop  Work .  6 

Electricity  in  Mining — Lecture .  1 

Mining  Law — Lecture .  1 

Thesis . 12 


The  figures  following  the  topics  in  these  courses  indicate 
the  number  of  hours  per  week  given  to  each. 


9 


DEPARTMENTS. 


COURSE  IN  MATHEMATICS. 

The  course  in  Mathematics  extends  through  the  first 
three  years.  Half  the  time  of  the  Freshman  year  is  given 
to  this  study  because  of  its  importance  as  a  preparation  for 
most  of  the  remaining  studies  of  the  Engineering  course. 

Algebra. — The  study  of  Algebra  will  begin  with  qua¬ 
dratics  in  the  Higher  Algebra,  and  will  continue  for  30 
weeks — five  recitations  per  week. 

Solid  Geometry — Will  also  be  begun  at  the  commence¬ 
ment  of  the  Freshman  year  and  be  completed  by  the  end  of 
the  first  term. 

Trigonometry — Plain  and  Spherical  will  be  taken  up 
at  the  beginning  of  the  second  term  of  the  Freshman  vear, 
and  extended  through  that  term.  Wentworth’s  text-books 
will  be  used  through  the  Freshman  year. 

Analytical  Geometry — Will  be  commenced  the  first 
term  of  the  Sophomore  j^ear.  The  different  systems  of  co¬ 
ordinates,  the  properties  of  the  conic  sections  and  higher 
plane  curves,  and  the  relation  of  lines  and  surfaces  in  space, 
will  be  carefully  examined  with  particular  reference  to  the 
practical  applications  of  the  knowledge  thus  acquired  to 
the  pursuits  of  the  engineer. 

The  Differential  and  Integral  Calculus — Will  oc¬ 
cupy  the  last  half  of  the  Sophomore  and  the  first  half  of  the 
Junior  year.  The  instruction  will  mainly  be  given  by  lec¬ 
ture,  with  Taylor’s  and  Byerly’s  Treatises  as  works  of 
reference. 


10 


GENERAL  CHEMISTRY. 


A  course  in  general  chemistry  extends  through  the 
first  half  of  the  Freshman  year.  It  consists  of  experimental 
work  by  each  student  at  his  desk  covering  the  subject  of  in¬ 
organic  chemistry,  including  the  metals.  He  is  taught  the 
manipulation  of  apparatus,  the  characteristics  of  the  vari¬ 
ous  acids,  bases  and  salts,  and  their  reactions  upon  each 
other.  This  work  is  the  foundation  upon  which  his  general 
knowledge  of  chemistry  is  based  and  he  is  required  to  keep 
accurate  notes,  recording  the  reactions  and  principles  in¬ 
volved  in  each  experiment.  Recitations  are  held  covering 
the  theoretical  part  of  the  work  gone  over. 

This  laboratory  work  is  supplemented  by  a  course  of 
two  lectures  a  week  extending  through  the  first  term,  the 
student  being  required  to  take  such  notes  as  will  enable  him 
to  explain  in  the  class-room  the  principles  involved  and 
illustrated  on  the  lecture  table.  The  student  will  be  re¬ 
quired  to  read  various  standard  works  on  general  chem¬ 
istry. 


QUALITATIVE  ANALYSIS. 

The  second  half  of  the  Freshman  year  is  devoted  to 
qualitative  analysis.  The  student  studies  the  general 
schemes  of  analysis  by  which  the  various  metals  are  separ¬ 
ated  from  each  other,  then  the  acid  radicals  are  detected 
and  separated.  The  course  covers  the  separation  of  metals 
in  solution,  dry  salts,  alloys  and  minerals  in  the  wet  way. 
The  student  must  become  conversant  with  all  reactions  in¬ 
volved  and  the  writing  and  balancing  of  chemical  equations. 
The  spectroscope  is  used  in  connection  with  qualitative 
work  for  the  detection  of  the  fixed  alkalies  and  the  alkaline 
earths. 

This  course  is  supplemented  by  lectures  covering  the 
entire  course  of  work  and  recitations  each  week. 


11 


QUANTITATIVE  ANALYSIS.  * 

Quantitative  analysis  extends  through  the  whole  of  the 
Sophomore  year.  The  work  embraces  all  the  work  as  car¬ 
ried  on  in  the  laboratories  of  the  smelters,  mills  and  mining 
plants.  The  various  products  of  the  smelters,  such  as  crude 
ores,  calcines,  slags,  mattes,  flue  dust,  etc.,  are  analyzed 
completely.  The  student  after  being  taught  the  technical 
methods  of  analysis  will  be  required  to  practice  rapid  meth¬ 
ods  and  the  performing  of  a  large  number  of  determinations 
in  one  afternoon  as  required  in  actual  smelter  and  mill 
work. 

The  course  covers  thoroughly  the  whole  subject  of  min¬ 
eral  analysis,  including  gravimetric,  volumetric  and  color- 
metric  methods,  the  analysis  and  calorific  poAver  of  coals, 
the  analysis  of  gases  of  combustion  and  illuminating  gas, 
the  standardization  of  solutions  in  acidimetry  and  alkal¬ 
imetry,  the  standardization  of  cyanide  solutions  and  the  de¬ 
termination  of  gold  and  silver  in  cyanide  solutions,  the 
specific  gravity  of  solids  and  solutions  by  means  of  the  bal¬ 
ance  and  the  hydrometer.  Stoichiometry  is  thoroughly 
taught  in  the  recitation-room  and  problems  in  chemistry 
solved.  Various  novel  and  special  analysis  worked  and 
illustrated  at  the  lecture  table.  Quizzes  upon  ATarious  meth¬ 
ods  of  analysis  will  be  introduced  and  recent  literature 
upon  chemical  problems  discussed. 

The  chemical  laboratories  are  generously  equipped 
Avith  all  modern  appliances  and  conveniences  and  every  op¬ 
portunity  offered  for  rapid  and  accurate  work.  The  stu¬ 
dent  will  have  at  his  desk  water,  sink,  gas,  blast,  and  ex¬ 
haust  and  the  extent  of  the  practical  work  will  be  limited 
only  according  to  his  abilities  and  industry. 


METALLURGY. 

The  subject  of  metallurgy  begins  with  a  thorough 
course  in  assaying  during  the  latter  part  of  the  first  term  of 


12 


the  Junior  year.  It  includes  fire  assays  of  gold,  silver  and 
lead  in  crude  ores,  smelter  products,  such  as  slags,  mattes, 
copper  and  lead  bullion,  etc. 

The  laboratory  is  fitted  with  the  most  modern  appa¬ 
ratus.  Gas  muffle  and  melting  furnaces  will  be  used.  The 
retorting  of  amalgam,  melting  and  refining  of  gold  and  sil¬ 
ver  bullion  and  sampling  and  assaying  of  pig  copper  and 
lead.  Every  convenience  known  at  the  present  time  will  be 
at  the  command  of  the  student  and  the  most  modern  and 
reliable  balances  used  in  assay  work. 

A  course  will  be  given  in  the  metallurgy  and  refining  of 
copper  and  the  recovery  and  purification  of  the  bi-products 
of  gold  and  silver  from  the  copper  bullion.  V arious  excur¬ 
sions  to  the  smelters  and  reduction  plants  of  Butte  and 
Anaconda  will  be  undertaken  as  the  special  subjects  come 
before  the  student  where  are  practically  illustrated  all  the 
various  methods  of  treatment.  With  these  processes  of 
treatment  at  our  very  doors,  the  opportunity  of  seeing  the 
operations  at  work  will  be  surpassed  by  no  single  locality 
in  the  world.  The  operations  of  treatment  from  high  and 
low  grade  ores  as  taken  from  the  mines,  to  the  refined  pro¬ 
ducts,  can  each  be  followed  accurately  and  by  nearly  all  of 
the  various  methods  of  treatment.  No  two  smelters  of 
Butte  are  identical  in  operation. 

The  metallurgy  of  lead  will  be  thoroughly  treated  by 
recitations,  lectures  and  visits  to  the  lead  smelters  of  Mon¬ 
tana.  Also  the  metallurgy  of  iron,  nickel,  cobalt,  zinc, 
aluminum,  etc.,  and  wherever  practicable,  excursions  will 
be  undertaken  to  see  practical  workings  of  these  processes. 

The  various  methods  for  the  most  advantageous  treat¬ 
ment  and  extraction  of  the  precious  and  useful  metals  from 
their  various  ores  will  be  demonstrated  by  the  student  and 
checks  made  upon  his  work  by  means  of  analyses  and  as¬ 
says.  The  comparative  merits  of  the  cyanide,  amalgama¬ 
tion,  hyposulphite,  chlorination  and  other  methods  of  treat¬ 
ment  upon  a  given  ore  will  be  compared  and  determined. 


13 


Excursions  will  include  the  cyanide  and  other  mill  plants 
and  notes  and  reports  required  concerning  the  details  of 
these  various  processes  examined. 


Courses  in  Mineralogy. 

First  Term  of  Sophomore  Year. 

Crystallography — The  course  embraces  a  brief  study 
of  crystal  structure,  of  the  general  principles  of  crystallo¬ 
graphy,  and  of  the  various  forms  of  each  crystal  system. 
By  the  constant  use  of  models  and  natural  crystals  the  stu¬ 
dent  is  expected  to  become  familiar  with  the  common 
forms. 


Second  Term  of  Sophomore  Year. 

Descriptive  Mineralogy — The  course  treats  of  the 
physical  and  chemical  properties  of  minerals,  their  occur¬ 
rence  and  association.  The  object  of  the  course  is  to  enable 
the  student  to  recognize  by  a  few  simple  tests  the  commoner 
minerals.  Text-book,  Dana’s  Text-book  of  Mineralogy. 

V 

Laboratory  Work  During  Sophomore  Year. 

Blow-pipe  Analysis — The  course  is  intended  to  famil¬ 
iarize  the  student  with  the  simple  reactions  of  the  elements 
before  the  blow-pipe.  Text-book,  Brush  and  Penfield’s  De¬ 
terminative  Mineralogy  and  Blow-pipe  Analysis. 

Petrography. — This  course  is  intended  to  acquaint 
the  student  with  the  modern  methods  of  microscopic  exam¬ 
ination  and  determination  of  minerals  and  rocks.  The 
course  is  divided  into  two  parts:  I.  Optical  Mineralogy. 
II.  Petrography  Proper. 


14 


First  Term  of  Senior  Year. 

I.  Optical  Mineralogy — The  lectures  and  labora¬ 
tory  work  cover  the  following  subjects : 

A.  Apparatus. 

1.  Simple  Microscope  or  Lens. 

2.  Compound  Microscope. 

Accessory  Apparatus. 

1.  Rock  Cutting  Machine. 

2.  Rock  Grinding  Machine. 

3.  Slide  and  Cover  Glass. 

4.  Camera  Lucida, 

5.  Bertrand  Lenses. 

6.  Quartz  Wedge. 

7.  Mica  Plate. 

8.  Gypsum  Plate. 

B.  Preparation  of  Thin  Sections. 

1.  Use  of  Rock  Cutting  and  Grinding  Machines. 

2.  Thinness  of  Sections. 

(7.  Light. 

1.  Propagation  of  Light. 

2.  Refraction ;  single,  double ;  indices  of  Refraction ; 
Polarized  Light. 

D.  Determination  of  Minerals. 

1.  Crystal  Form. 

2.  Crystalline  Texture. 

3.  Cleavages  and  Parting. 

4.  Specific  Gravity;  Heavy  Solutions,  Westphal  Bal¬ 
ance. 

5.  Optical  Characters  (Color  in  common  lights,  color 
in  polarized  light,  relative  refringence,  optic  axes,  axes  of 
elasticity). 


15 


R  f  in  i  v  i 1  j . Negative. 

b.  Uniaxial . | . Positive. 

'•  Blaxlal . | . Positive. 

8.  Relative  Bi-ref ringenee. 

9.  Extinction  in  Parallel  Polarized  Light. 

....  j  Amorphous. 

a.  Constant . |  Isometric. 

(  Tetragonal. 

Parallel . •<  Hexagonal. 

(  Orthorhombic. 

~ , .  j  Monoclinic. 

0bll<lue . \  Triclinic. 

10.  Interference  Figures  ( Converged  Polarized  Light. 

TT  .  .  ,  T  (  Positive. 

«.  Uniaxial  Images. . . .  j  Negative. 

b.  Biaxial  Images . j  Po|tive. 

11.  Dispersion. 


II.  Petrography  Proper. 

Second  Term  of  Senior  Year. 

1.  Igneous  Rocks. 

1.  Principles  of  Classification. 

2.  Classification  of  Kemp,  based  on  : 

a.  Texture. 

b.  Mineralogical  Composition. 

c.  Chemical  Composition. 

3.  Determination  of  Igneous  Rocks. 

a.  Texture — (aa.  Glassy;  bb.  Felsitic  or  Porpliy- 
ritic ;  or  cc.  Granitoid) . 

b.  Mineralogical  Composition. 

c.  Chemical  Composition. 


16 


2.  Sedimentary  Rocks  (with  Rocks  deposited  from 
Solution  and  Eolian  Rocks). 

1.  Breccias  and  Mechanical  Sediments,  not  Lime¬ 

stone. 

2.  Limestones. 

3.  Organic  Remains,  not  Limestones. 

4.  Precipitates  from  Solution. 

3.  Metamorphic  Rocks. 

1.  Weathering. 

a.  Gneisses,  Syenytic,  Diofytic,  Gabbroic,  etc. 

b.  Crystalline  Schists,  .  Mica-Scliists,  Horn¬ 
blende-Schists,  Chlori  tic- Schists,  Talc- 
Scliists,  etc. 

c.  Quartzytes  and  Slates. 

d.  Crystalline  Limestones  and  Dolomytes. 

e.  Ophicalcites,  Serpentines  and  Soapstones. 

n  ,  ,  ,r  ,  ,  .  i  Endomorphism. 

2.  Contact  Metamorphism  |  Exoinorp£iBm. 

3.  Regional  Metamorphism . 

Text-books,  Barker’s  Petrology  for  Students,  Kemp’s 
Handbook  of  Rocks. 


Second  Term  of  Senior  Year. 

Micro-Chemical  Analysis — The  course  is  chiefly 
laboratory  work  and  consists  of  a  study  of  the  methods  of 
determination  of  the  various  elements  by  chemical  reac- 
tions  upon  microscopic  quantities  under  the  microscope. 
Text-book,  Beliren’s  Manual  of  Micro-Chemical  Analysis. 


17 


Courses  in  Geology. 

First  Half  of  First  Term  of  Junior  Year. 

Physical  Geology — This  course  treats  of  the  origin 
and  alteration  of  rocks,  of  general  volcanic  and  earthquake 
action,  metamorphism,  jointing,  faulting,  mountain  build¬ 
ing,  action  of  air,  the  surface  and  underground  waters,  and 
life,  the  interior  condition  of  the  earth,  etc.,  especially  in 
their  relations  to  the  problems  that  the  mining  engineer, 
economic  geologist  and  quarryman  have  to  meet.  Text¬ 
book,  ScotPs  Introduction  to  Geology. 


Second  Half  of  First  Term  of  Junior  Year. 

Historical  Geology — The  Instruction  in  this  subject 
will  consist  of  lectures  and  recitations.  The  main  object  of 
the  course  is  to  familiarize  the  student  with  the  life  history 
of  the  earth,  and  with  the  mode  of  formation,  order  of  su¬ 
perposition,  times  of  upheaval,  distribution  in  time  and 
space,  and  characteristic  fossils  of  the  formations  which 
compose  the  earth’s  crust.  Text-book,  Scott’s  Introduction 
to  Geology. 

Second  Term  of  Junior  Year. 

Economic  Geology — In  this  course  the  uses  and  com¬ 
mercial  value  of  rocks  and  ores  are  especially  emphasized. 
The  course  includes  a  study  of  common  rock  and  vein  form¬ 
ing  minerals,  origin  of  ore  deposits,  classification  of  ore  de¬ 
posits,  study  of  deposits  of  iron,  copper,  gold,  silver,  lead, 
zinc,  etc.,  and  of  coal,  petroleum,  etc.  The  course  also  in¬ 
cludes  a  study  of  building  stones,  cements,  soils,  clays,  fer¬ 
tilizers,  artesian  wells,  salt,  abrasive  materials,  precious 
stones,  etc.  Text-books,  Kemp’s  Ore  Deposits  of  the  United 
States,  and  Tarr’s  Economic  Geology. 


18 


Course  in  Mining. 

This  course,  running  through  the  Senior  year,  treats 
of  the  occurrence  of  ores,  prospecting,  exploration  and  ex¬ 
ploitation  of  mines  and  placers  with  excursions  to  various 
mining  camps  and  practical  work  underground. 

EQUIPMENT. 

The  Department  of  Geology,  Mining  and  Mineralogy 
occupies  three  rooms  on  the  second  floor.  The  department 
receives  the  leading  geological  journals,  and  is  building  up 
a  library  of  the  most  important  works  on  geology,  mining 
and  mineralogy.  The  department  is  equipped  with  the 
latest  “Grand  Model”  Nachet  Microscope  with  all  the  ac¬ 
cessories,  and  Student  model  microscope,  prepared  thin 
sections  of  typical  American  and  foreign  rocks,  a  rock  cut¬ 
ting  and  grinding  machine,  complete  apparatus  and  chem¬ 
ical  reagents  for  blow-pipe  analysis,  crystal  models, 
geological  models  and  several  series  of  rocks,  minerals  and 
fossils. 

The  museum,  which  occupies  a  large  room  on  the  first 
floor,  will  contain  models  of  mines,  an  exhibit  of  gold  speci¬ 
mens,  and  general  collections  of  rocks  and  minerals. 


Mechanics. 

Physics — The  subject  of  mechanics  begins  in  the  So¬ 
phomore  year  with  a  course  in  general  physics.  During  the 
first  term  the  student  will  acquire  an  analytical  knowledge 
of  the  mechanics  of  solids  and  liquids.  The  subjects  of 
heat  and  light  will  be  introduced  giving  prominence  to  their 
practical  aspects.  Aside  from  the  nature  and  measurement 


19 


of  heat,  its  application  to  the  steam-engine  and  the  trans¬ 
mission  of  energy  by  means  of  compressed  air  will  be  con¬ 
sidered.  The  work  in  light  will  include  a  study  of  optical 
and  engineering  instruments  and  of  the  phenomena  pre* 
seated  in  the  study  of  mineralogy. 

The  second  term  Avill  be  occupied  with  a  study  of  elec¬ 
tricity  and  magnetism.  This  course  will  include  a  study  of 
the  principles  underlying  the  application  of  electricity  to 
engineering  problems,  as  haulage,  the  transmission  of  en¬ 
ergy,  lighting,  etc.  During  this  term  the  class  work  of  the 
year  will  be  supplemented  by  practice  in  the  laboratory. 
Constants  in  the  domain  of  mechanics,  heat  and  light  will 
be  determined  and  familiarity  with  simple  electrical  meas¬ 
urements  will  be  acquired. 

Analytical  and  Applied  Mechanics — These  sub¬ 
jects  are  introduced  in  the  Sophomore  year  in  connection 
with  drawing.  The  mechanism  of  machinery,  mechanical 
movements  and  the  modes  of  communicating  motion  will  be 
studied. 

During  the  Junior  year  the  analytical  and  applied 
mechanics  will  have  application  to  the  proportioning  of 
materials  in  engineering  and  mechanical  structures.  Many 
problems  will  be  solved  during  this  course  and  applied  in 
the  machine  designing  which  follows  throughout  the  same 
a- ear. 

Hydraulics — The  course  in  hydraulics  includes  a 
study  of  problems  connected  with  the  storing  and  convey¬ 
ing  of  water,  the  structure  of  dams,  water-wheels,  etc. 

MINING  ENGINEERING. 

The  object  of  this  course  is  to  acquaint  the  student  with 
the  modern  methods  employed  in  mining  operations,  with 
special  attention  to  the  Rocky  Mountain  districts.  The 
school  depends  largely  upon  the  courtesies  of  the  mining 
companies  of  the  immediate  locality  in  affording  the  work¬ 
ing  illustrations.  Some  of  the  most  extensive  mining 


20 


plants  now  in  existence  are  located  here.  The  students  are 
permitted  and  required  to  make  personal  investigations  in 
these  mines  and  report  on  various  topics  assigned  to  them 
by  the  professor. 

Courses  of  lectures  will  be  given  including  the  subjects 
of  tunneling,  driving  shafts,  drifts,  stopes,  the  methods  of 
mining,  timbering,  the  use  of  explosives,  ventilating,  etc. 
Also  a  course  will  be  given  on  mining  machinery,  including 
haulage,  hoists,  pumps,  boring  and  drilling  machinery,  coal 
cutting  machinery,  etc. 

Mining  Laws — A  course  in  mining  law  will  be  given 
during  the  Senior  year. 

Drawing — The  first  and  second  vears  in  drawing  will 
be  occupied  with  the  use  of  instruments,  elementary  projec¬ 
tions,  descriptive  geometry,  working  and  isometric  draw¬ 
ing  of  machinery,  furnaces,  and  structural  work,  tracing 
and  blue  printing.  The  drawing  required  during  the  re¬ 
mainder  of  the  course  will  be  connected  with  allied  subjects 
as  machine  designs,  mine  surveying.  Topographical  and 
geological  maps  will  be  constructed  during  the  course. 

Surveying — Field  practice  in  surveying  occupies  six 
weeks  in  both  the  first  and  third  summer  vacations,  during 
which  time  the  student  gives  his  whole  time  to  the  subject. 
There  will  be  practice  in  the  use  and  adjustment  of  instru¬ 
ments,  land,  mine,  and  geological  surveying,  leveling  and 
triangulation.  The  course  also  includes  practical  work  in 
drawing  and  map  construction. 

ELECTRICAL  ENGINEERING. 

The  first  two  years  of  the  electrical  engineering  course 
are  identical  with  the  first  two  years  of  the  mining  engineer¬ 
ing  course.  During  the  Junior  year  the  student  pursues 
an  extended  course  in  the  electrical  laboratory.  For  this 
purpose  an  equipment  has  been  provided  consisting  in  part 
of  galvanometers,  resistance  boxes,  wheatstone  bridges  of 
various  forms,  condensers,  induction  coils,  electro-dynam- 


21 


ometers,  ammeters,  voltmeters,  keys,  switches,  etc.  A  stor¬ 
age  battery  is  furnished  for  use  in  this  department.  The 
student  also  makes  a  study  of  the  telegraph  and  telephone 
systems  and  the  elementary  theory  of  the  dynamo. 

The  electrotechnical  work  of  the  Senior  year  consists 
of  designing,  the  theory  of  alternating  currents,  electric 
lighting  and  photometric  work,  power  transmission  and 
electrical  testing  in  the  dynamo  laboratory. 

The  dynamo  laboratory  has  been  equipped  with  a 
twelve-horse-power  gas-engine  running  a  line  shaft  for 
which  are  belted,  direct  and  alternating  current  dynamos. 
Motors,  transformers  and  the  requisite  measuring  instru¬ 
ments  are  also  provided.  The  shop  is  at  present  provided 
with  a  complete  line  of  bench  tools,  a  tliirteen-incli  lathe, 
and  emery  wheels.  Shafting  and  room  are  provided  for  ex¬ 
tending  the  equipment  of  this  department  as  soon  as  prac¬ 
ticable. 

The  advantages  of  the  electrical  engineering  depart¬ 
ment  are  offered  to  mining  engineering  students  who  wish 
to  become  proficient  in  this  line  of  work  in  connection  with 
the  regular  mining  course,  the  work  chosen  being  subject 
to  the  approval  of  the  faculty. 


EQUIPMENT  OF  THE  SCHOOL  OF  MINES. 

The  Legislature  of  the  State  at  its  last  session  made  an 
appropriation  of  f 15,000  for  the  equipment  of  the  School  of 
Mines  with  suitable  furniture  and  apparatus.  This  sum 
has  been  judiciously  expended  under  the  direction  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees,  and  it  is  believed  that  by  the  date  set  for 
the  opening  of  the  school,  this  work  will  have  been  com¬ 
pleted  and  the  institution  will  then  be  found  in  possession 
of  a  very  extensive  and  valuable  collection  of  apparatus, 
machinery,  models  and  illustrative  material. 


22 


LOCATION. 


The  State  of  Montana  has  been  particularly  fortunate 
in  the  location  of  the  School  of  Mines.  In  the  language  of 
the  authorities  of  one  of  the  leading  mining  schools  of  this 
country :  “It  is  an  axiom  of  modern  education  that  any  sch  ool 
which  is  to  obtain  the  greatest  return  for  the  money  and 
energy  spent  in  establishing  it,  must  be  situated  in  a  region 
which  shall  from  its  very  nature  serve,  free  of  all  expense, 
as  a  part  of  the  real  equipment  of  that  school.”  There  is 
not  in  this  country  or  in  any  other  a  place  that  offers  for  a 
School  of  Mines  so  many  advantages  of  this  character  as 
the  City  of  Butte.  Here  are  to  be  found  the  richest,  the 
most  extensive,  and,  scientifically  considered,  the  most  in¬ 
teresting  mines  of  this  country,  the  most  numerous,  and 
varied  smelting  and  reduction  plants,  and  a  very  large  and 
intelligent  class  of  men  whose  lives  are  devoted  to  the 
various  lines  of  labor  and  investigation  in  reference  to  all 
the  phases  of  mining  and  the  treatment  of  ores.  Such  a  lo¬ 
cation  and  such  an  environment  furnishes  a  stimulus  and 
an  encouragement  to  the  student  of  mining  that  could  not 
be  found  in  mere  class-room  work,  nor  afforded  by  any 
equipment  of  models  or  apparatus,  no  matter  how  elaborate 
or  expensive. 

Full  advantage  will  be  taken  of  the  opportunities  of¬ 
fered  by  this  location  and  the  students  will  be  given  every 
facility  to  become  acquainted  by  personal  observation  with 
the  practical  operations  that  are  here  carried  on  in  every 
branch  of  mining. 

ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  SCHOOL  OF  MINES. 

The  foundation  for  the  School  of  Mines  was  laid  in  the 
Enabling  Act  of  Congress  in  pursuance  of  which  the  State 
of  Montana  was  admitted  into  the  Union.  This  Act  pro¬ 
vided  for  a  donation  of  one  hundred  thousand  acres  of  pub¬ 
lic  lands  “for  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  a 
School  of  Mines.”  This  gift  was  accepted  on  the  part  of  the 
State,  and  a  spacious  building,  95  feet  by  118,  has  been 


23 


erected  just  west  of  the  City  of  Butte.  This  structure  has 
often  been  spoken  of  as  the  most  elegant  and  substantial 
public  building  in  Montana.  The  ground  on  which  it 
stands  was  donated  for  the  purpose  by  citizens  of  the  State. 
The  building  was  erected  in  1896-8,  and  is  connected  with 
the  gas,  water  and  electric  lines  and  mains  of  the  city.  It  is 
furnished  with  the  best  heating  and  ventilating  plant  that 
could  be  obtained  and  nothing  has  been  omitted  that  would 
render  it  convenient  for  the  purposes  for  which  it  was  de¬ 
signed. 

Tlie  citizens  of  Montana  have  shown  in  many  ways 
their  deep  interest  in  this  institution.  When  there  was  a 
delay  in  securing  the  proceeds  of  the  bonds  authorized  by 
the  State  for  the  erection  of  the  building,  public  spirited 
men  promptly  advanced  the  money  needed  for  the  purpose, 
so  that  the  work  might  proceed.  And  during  the  present 
year  some  very  substantial  additions  have  been  made  by 
them  to  its  equipment.  Amongst  these  may  be  mentioned 
the  loan  of  a  magnificent  collection  of  gold  crystals  by 
Charles  W.  Clark,  Esq.  A  large  and  expensive  set  of  glass 
models  of  the  surface  and  underground  workings  of  the 
Anaconda,  Never  sweat  and  Colusa  Parrot  mines,  by  the 
proprietors  of  the  latter  company.  We  expect  soon  to  be 
able  to  add  like  models  and  maps  of  these  same  properties, 
by  the  generosity  of  the  Anaconda  Company,  and  corres¬ 
ponding  maps  and  models  of  the  Pennsylvania,  the  Johns¬ 
town  and  other  mines,  the  gift  of  F.  Augustus  IJeinze. 

A  few  days  ago  Mr.  Charles  W.  Clark  authorized  the 
Inter  Mountain  to  announce  that  he  would  endow  a  profes¬ 
sorship  in  the  School  of  Mines. 

The  faculty  and  officers  of  the  school,  in  view  of  all  the 
facts  set  forth  in  this  announcement,  cherish  the  brightest 
hopes  for  the  future  of  this  institution.  In  offering  its  ad¬ 
vantages  to  the  young  people  of  this  State  and  of  the  North¬ 
west,  they  proclaim  their  purpose  to  make  it  worthy  of  the 
great  mining  state  whose  name  it  bears,  and  the  equal  of 
any  Mining  School  in  the  United  States. 

24 


